NAD+
Also known as · Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide · Nadide · Coenzyme I
- EvidenceLimited
- CategoryCoenzyme / redox cofactor
- RoutesubQ / IV / IM
- Half-lifeVery short in plasma; rapid cellular turnover
- Form
- Lyophilized powder
- Purity
- ≥98% (HPLC)
- Molecular formula
- C21H27N7O14P2
- Molecular weight
- 663.4 g/mol
- CAS number
- 53-84-9
- Sequence
- Dinucleotide coenzyme (not a peptide)
- COA
- Available on request
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01 / Research summary
What the literature reports
NAD+ is not a peptide — it is a pyridine dinucleotide coenzyme, made of nicotinamide mononucleotide joined to adenosine monophosphate through a pyrophosphate bridge. It is one of the most abundant cofactors in every living cell.
Cellaire classifies exogenous NAD+ as limited human evidence. A review by Xie et al. (Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020) catalogs NAD+ roles in redox homeostasis, sirtuin and PARP activity, and mitochondrial function, and links deficiency to metabolic disease, aging, and neurodegeneration — but human clinical evidence for injectable or infused NAD+ remains sparse.
02 / Reconstitution
Reconstitution reference
Illustrative unit math for a 500 mg vial reconstituted with 5 mL bacteriostatic water. This is not a dose recommendation.
03 / Overview
Molecular overview
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized form) is a dinucleotide made of two nucleotides joined by a pyrophosphate bridge: nicotinamide mononucleotide on one end, adenosine monophosphate on the other.
It is a redox cofactor for hundreds of enzymes (dehydrogenases), a substrate for sirtuins, PARPs, CD38, and SARM1, and a signaling molecule regulating energy metabolism and circadian biology.
Cellular NAD+ is regenerated primarily through the salvage pathway (NAMPT-mediated) and to a smaller extent through the de novo pathway from tryptophan. Bulk supplementation with NAD+ precursors (NR, NMN) has been studied more extensively than injectable NAD+ itself.
Injectable NAD+ is used off-label in some clinical settings but is not FDA-approved for any indication.
04 / References